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End-to-end cancer use case / prostate cancer

A bounded question.
An honest answer.

Using rights-cleared public data, is TP53 alteration more prevalent in a metastatic or castration-resistant prostate-cancer cohort than in a primary prostate-adenocarcinoma cohort, and are the selected cohorts sufficiently comparable for the observed difference to justify a clearly defined next research investigation?

Direct answer

Higher observed prevalence.
Not fairly comparable.

The observed aggregate prevalence is higher in the metastatic/castration-resistant cohort, but the cohorts are not fairly comparable for a causal, prognostic, treatment-response, or clinical claim.

What this result refuses to say

Refuse any claim that TP53 alteration increased because of progression, predicts treatment response, establishes mechanism, or has clinical utility from this comparison.

Pinned aggregate result

One endpoint. Two exact denominators.

Each sample counts once if the pinned cBioPortal API response contains at least one TP53 mutation row. The denominator is the corresponding sequenced sample list.

Primary / TCGA57 / 494

11.5%

95% Wilson interval 9.0%–14.7%

Metastatic or castration-resistant / SU2C163 / 444

36.7%

95% Wilson interval 32.4%–41.3%

Absolute difference25.2%95% interval 17.7%–32.3%
Risk ratio3.18descriptive, unadjusted
Odds ratio4.45descriptive, unadjusted
Fisher exact6.65e-20two-sided; not a comparability test

Versioned open experiment specification

Defined before calculation.

canxcer.prostate.tp53-prevalence/1.0.0

Question

Using rights-cleared public data, is TP53 alteration more prevalent in a metastatic or castration-resistant prostate-cancer cohort than in a primary prostate-adenocarcinoma cohort, and are the selected cohorts sufficiently comparable for the observed difference to justify a clearly defined next research investigation?

Hypothesis

The API-reported prevalence of samples with at least one TP53 mutation is higher in the metastatic/castration-resistant SU2C cohort than in the primary TCGA cohort.

Endpoint

Proportion of samples in each study's sequenced sample list with at least one TP53 (Entrez Gene 7157) mutation returned by the pinned cBioPortal molecular-profile endpoint.

Alteration rule

At least one mutation row returned for TP53 for a sample in the study's sequenced sample list; multiple rows for one sample count once.

Denominator & missingness

All sample identifiers in the pinned sequenced sample list. Samples without a returned TP53 mutation row are counted as not observed altered, not proven biologically wild type. Study-level API responses do not harmonize tumor purity, biopsy site, prior therapy, sequencing pipeline, demographic representation, or sample-level missingness. Those gaps prevent fair causal comparison.

Failure boundary

Any unpinned source response, ambiguous denominator, rights uncertainty, or calculation mismatch fails the run closed.

Research comparison engine

Statistical separation does not create fair cohorts.

The comparison engine records what aligns, what fails, and what is absent. A small p-value answers neither causality nor cohort exchangeability.

Disease family and genealigned

Both cohorts concern prostate adenocarcinoma and use TP53 / Entrez 7157.

Disease statefailed

Primary untreated disease and metastatic/castration-resistant disease are intentionally different and are not exchangeable populations.

Assay and processinglimited

Both expose mutation profiles, but study-era pipelines, capture, calling, filtering, and portal processing are not harmonized.

Sample contextmissing

Biopsy site, tumor purity, prior therapy, and patient/sample multiplicity are not harmonized in this aggregate analysis.

Representationmissing

Demographic and ancestry distributions were not available in the aggregate endpoint and cannot be assumed comparable.

Independencelimited

The studies are separate cohorts but use shared portal and curation infrastructure; this is not independent replication.

Sources, versions, overlap, and rights

Every public input is attributable and pinned.

Only aggregate derived values are published here. No sample identifiers or raw mutation rows are stored, displayed, or included in the open package.

primary reference

Prostate Adenocarcinoma (TCGA, PanCancer Atlas)

Study
prad_tcga_pan_can_atlas_2018
Profile
prad_tcga_pan_can_atlas_2018_mutations
Sample list
prad_tcga_pan_can_atlas_2018_sequenced
API SHA-256
ecc037fdd5b778f54833c84acebcfa3b80ab1b03ceef4c457bb228f582fc8541
Sample-list SHA-256
b1eb86bad77307c5ffecf11e498a953e9d6dcc6dea05e6fa505659360a90cf96

Aggregate derived result only. Attribute TCGA and cBioPortal; do not redistribute raw or sample-level material. The study license warns that pipeline data may be preliminary, unvalidated, and subject to change.

metastatic comparison

Metastatic Prostate Adenocarcinoma (SU2C/PCF Dream Team, PNAS 2019)

Study
prad_su2c_2019
Profile
prad_su2c_2019_mutations
Sample list
prad_su2c_2019_sequenced
API SHA-256
1b4f5307edfdf055cc96d3cb841c4def8e9eb1b500fe40501a6bfbb14cafdc0e
Sample-list SHA-256
736a07b0abf17dfd2863a93e742e586289c0fb563e9707aa1141d4d160ec9bbf

The DataHub study is licensed under ODC ODbL. Aggregate output retains source attribution and share-alike notice; no sample identifiers or raw rows are republished.

Portal snapshot

cBioPortal v7.1.2; database 3.0.0; gene table hgnc_v7_2025.10.7; commit bbba61b2a45b3719187a310dcadaae75b9bef067.

The SU2C raw DataHub file and public cBioPortal API produce different TP53 row/sample counts. This analysis deliberately uses the pinned, processed cBioPortal API responses and treats that discrepancy as a material provenance constraint.

The cohorts are distinct studies, but both are distributed through cBioPortal/DataHub and can share upstream curation infrastructure. They are not described as independent confirmation of one another.

Human decision / wet-lab boundary

Harmonized TP53 prevalence analysis across disease state

The governed decision is to design a harmonized reanalysis—not to claim validation. The prediction ledger is pending unmeasured.

  1. Pre-register inclusion, one-sample-per-patient, alteration, and missingness rules.
  2. Obtain rights-cleared sample-level covariates for stage, biopsy site, prior treatment, assay, ancestry, and tumor purity.
  3. Reprocess or restrict data to a common callable region and mutation-calling contract.
  4. Estimate adjusted prevalence differences with sensitivity analyses and an independent validation cohort.
  5. Require qualified human scientific review before any wet-lab, predictive, or clinical interpretation.
Boundaries preserved

Research support only; not medical advice, diagnosis, prognosis, or treatment guidance.

Aggregate public-data result only; no patient, sample, restricted, credential, or raw genomic material is included.

Statistical separation does not repair cohort incomparability and is not evidence of causation.

The prediction/outcome ledger remains pending and unmeasured; no wet-lab or clinical outcome is claimed.

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